Biochemical composition, antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of<i> Syntrichia</i><i> ruralis</i> (Hedw.) F.Weber & D.Moh extracts against some resistant bacteria
Dilay Turu, Selime Deniz Bozkurt, Cenker Yaman, Gizem Gul, Atakan Benek, Kerem Canli, Melike Ersin, Kutay Orkun Durukan, Mustafa Eray Bozyel, A. D. Ozcelik
article (Uluslararası, Hakemli) | Yazar(lar): Dilay Turu, Selime Deniz Bozkurt, Cenker Yaman, Gizem Gul, Atakan Benek, Kerem Canli, Melike Ersin, Kutay Orkun Durukan, Mustafa Eray Bozyel, A. D. Ozcelik | Yıl: 2026 | Dergi/Kurum: JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PHARMACY | İndeks: WOS.ESCI | DOI: 10.12991/jrespharm.1725436 | Anah
This study investigates the biochemical composition, antimicrobial, and antibiofilm properties of Syntrichia ruralis (Hedw.) F.Weber & D.Moh extracts obtained using ethanol, methanol, n-hexane and distilled water solvents. Disk diffusion assays demonstrated selective antimicrobial activity against specific bacterial and fungal strains, including Staphylococcus epidermidis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Candida glabrata, and Proteus vulgaris. The MIC value for S. epidermidis was notably low (155 & micro;g/mL) with the methanol extract, while other strains exhibited MIC values exceeding 10,000 & micro;g/mL. Antibiofilm assays revealed significant inhibitory effects, particularly against foodborne Listeria innocua and clinical Escherichia coli isolates, with inhibition rates ranging from 57% to 87%, comparable to commercial disinfectant Halamid. In contrast, biofilm formation was enhanced in Listeria monocytogenes upon exposure to the extracts. The ethanol extract showed limited antioxidant activity in the DPPH assay (30.69% at 1000 & micro;g/mL), with an EC50 of 1743.47 & micro;g/mL. GC-MS analysis identified a total of 50 compounds in all extracts. Palmitic acid, neophytadiene, vitamin E, and triterpenoids such as beta-amyrin acetate were predominant in ethanol extract, while methanol and n-hexane extracts contained long-chain alkanes, sterols, and fatty acid derivatives. The presence of these compounds may underlie the observed biological effects. This study represents the first comprehensive report on the antimicrobial, antibiofilm and antioxidant activities of S. ruralis and highlights its potential as a source of bioactive metabolites, especially for targeting biofilm-associated infections.