Effects of mining subsidence on masonry buildings in Zonguldak hard coal region in Turkey
Eray Can, Senol Kuscu, Murat Emre Kartal
article (Uluslararası, Hakemli) | Yazar(lar): Eray Can, Senol Kuscu, Murat Emre Kartal | Yıl: 2012 | Dergi/Kurum: ENVIRONMENTAL EARTH SCIENCES | İndeks: WOS.SCI | DOI: 10.1007/s12665-011-1473-2 | Anahtar Kelimeler: Deformation, Kozlu, Masonry buildings, Mining subsidence, Zonguldak hard coal basin — Özet: Gallerias are
Gallerias are the underground constructed results of mining. As these space in underground layers collapse, horizontal and vertical ground movements occur and movement which may reach the earth's surface are known as mining subsidence. The result of underground displacement may cause surface ground movement which can be detrimental to masonry buildings especially in hard coal regions. Thorough familiarity with general and regional characteristics of an affected area can assist reduction of the effects. Zonguldak and the nearby settlement area, with a population of 300,000, constitute the centre of a hard coal basin where extensive mining has a history extending through 160 years. Mining constitutes the main economic activity in this region, and consequently influences every aspect of life. This study's intent is to identify the effects of mining subsidence on masonry buildings in the mining area of Kozlu, Zonguldak, Turkey and illustrate them with selected images of damaged masonry buildings. Also included are satellite and mining galleria images.